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Free Online Translators: A Comparative Assessment ofwww.worldlingo.com, www.freetranslation.com, and www.translate.google.comby Dr. Claire Ellender | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Abstract The present article focuses on three free online translation packages—www.worldlingo.com, www.freetranslation.com, and www.translate.google.com —and asks the following: If the objective of anglophone users is to understand the meaning of a given source text (ST), which of these packages would he/she be best advised to use? Taking a text of approximately 200 words from the European Commission’s website, this article asks each of its chosen packages to translate the ST from three source languages (SLs) into English. Applying principles from White’s 2003 methodology for evaluating machine translation, it assesses these machine outputs and, in doing so, responds to the above question. Introduction
1) Design i) Choice of ST In order to both satisfactorily challenge the chosen packages and to work with a corpus which was not too long for the scope of the present study, it was decided to select a slightly more substantial source text (200 words) instead of a shorter one (less than 150). 150 words is the word limit for a number of free online translation packages.*2 It was decided to take a text from the website of the European Commission, as it was certain that a correct English text, and many accurate versions of this in other languages, would be available.*3 A text entitled ‘Key European transport projects given boost at TEN-T days’*4 was chosen for its subject matter, which is not too technical and may be of some interest and relevance to a relatively wide audience; many people are interested in foreign travel within Europe ( http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do 10 June 2010) (Accessed 11 June 2010) (Appendix 1). ii) Choice of SLs It was decided to evaluate how each package could translate from a Romance, a Germanic and a Scandinavian language into English; French, German and Swedish were therefore chosen. It is important to acknowledge that Swedish, and other Scandinavian languages, are indeed also Germanic languages. However, these belong to the specific North Germanic subdivision of this language family (www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language) [Accessed 15 January 2012]; www.ethnologue.com) [Accessed 15 January 2012]. The English text was taken to be the ‘correct’ TT model and the EC website’s French, German and Swedish versions of this text were used as the STs for the present investigation (Appendices 2, 3 and 4). The objective here was to establish whether these packages handle languages which belong to different ‘families’, and therefore have some structural differences, more or less effectively. Again, for the purpose of this article, an ‘effective’ translation will, as was mentioned in this paper’s introduction, be one which provides a thorough, comprehensible reproduction of the content of the ST.
When choosing which online translators to assess, it was considered important to select packages which are likely to be used frequently. Entering the key words ‘free + online + translators’ into the search engine, Google, provided a number of results (1 June 2010). The first page of search results listed seven packages. On investigation of these, it emerged that only two of these packages ( www.worldlingo.com and www.freetranslation.com ) would both translate a text in excess of 150 words and offer translations into all of the three chosen TLs. Three packages had a 150 word limit (www.frengly.com , www.uk.babelfish.yahoo.com andwww.appliedlanguage.com ), one did not offer Swedish (www.translation2.com ) and one was entirely focused on selling its software ( www.translation.babylon.com ). It was decided to analyse a third package in order to provide a broader survey. The second page of results from the original Google search displayed two results for www.translate.google.com . As this package translates texts in excess of 150 words into all three chosen languages and is both well known and well documented (Prior 2010), it was decided to include this free online translator in the present assessment.
i) It is acknowledged that evaluating machine translation can be difficult. MT systems can be used by different types of users and for different uses; each of these requires different types of evaluations (White 2003: 211). With many translation tasks, there are often multiple ways to translate a given SL term or phrase correctly; judgements regarding what is exactly right are consequently always subjective (ibid.: 213-14). Further, evaluators have a different reaction to the object of analysis the second time they see it than they do the first time (ibid.: 218) and, as things can happen to human evaluators during the process of evaluation—they may become tired, bored or hungry -, the process of ‘maturation’ must also be recognised (ibid.: 219). In the present context, the end-users will be taken to be monolingual (anglophone) information consumers who require a comprehensive and relevant translation of the ST. In view of this, a ‘Black box’ approach to analysis will be adopted (ibid.: 225). This approach compares input and output without taking into account the mechanics of the translation engine, is portable, that is, external to the design and philosophy of any one system, and enables comparisons of MT systems. More specifically, a ‘declarative evaluation’ will be carried out (ibid.: 227). This method measures how well the content of the ST is conveyed in the TT (ibid.: 228), that is, the extent to which it is ‘faithful’ to the information conveyed in the ST, and ‘intelligible’, that is, how well it displays TL fluency. It is recognised that the attributes of fidelity and intelligibility are closely correlated; clearly, a completely unintelligible text conveys no information (ibid.: 216). A professional human translator is required to make judgements about the degree of fidelity and intelligibility of the TT(s) in relation to the ST (ibid.: 228). Given that the present study considers three online translation packages, a ‘comparative evaluation’ will also be carried out (ibid. : 235). Here, the same attribute(s) of one system are measured against the same attributes of other systems in order to determine the best system for meeting the given end-users’ needs. As the intention is to measure the extent to which the three translation packages under consideration can communicate the meaning of an ST in three different SLs to an anglophone reader—this study is more concerned with the semantic quality than the grammatical quality of the STs produced -, it was decided to adopt the following approach which is again inspired by the work of White (2003). First, this will involve measuring ‘fidelity’ (accuracy of information conveyed) on a scale of 1-5, where: 1 = translation conveys hardly any of the information contained in the ST; 3= translation contains approximately half of the information of the ST; 5= the information of the ST is fully preserved in the TT. Second,‘intelligibility’ (TL fluency) will be measured on a scale of 1-5, where: 1= translation is virtually unintelligible; 3= translation is intelligible after careful study; 5= translation is clear and perfectly intelligible. It is important to fully emphasise that the purpose of this study is not to assess the TTs from a grammatical point of view, that is, for their grammatical accuracy. Grammar will only become a consideration if it obscures the message of the ST in the TT. As a qualified translator, the present author will make the judgements as to the fidelity and intelligibility of the given translation outputs. In order to be able to assess these thoroughly, it was deemed necessary to divide the ST into ‘semantic chunks’ and to rate each of these chunks in the nine TTs for their fidelity and intelligibility. For the purpose of the present article, the term ‘semantic chunks’ will be employed according to the definition provided by Hacioglu and Ward (2003), that is: ‘a sequence of words that fills a semantic role defined in a semantic frame’. The text was divided into 29 semantic chunks (Appendix 5). Each online translation package could therefore score a maximum of 145 (29 x 5) points for fidelity and 145 (29 x 5) points for intelligibility for each ST produced.
If the semantic content the ST is to be preserved, it is clearly crucial that key terminology is translated accurately and consistently in the TL. With a view to ensuring that assessment of terminology was also accurate and consistent in the present study, it was decided to pinpoint those words which had been translated in a number of ways, to find a comprehensive definition of each of these in order to determine the range of translations which would be acceptable, and to establish a 5-point mark scheme for each, where: 1= inaccurate, 3= acceptable, 5= perfect / standard translation. Below is a sample of the mark scheme devised for some key items of vocabulary which were translated variously by the translation packages. ‘Memorandums of understanding’ (chunk 7) ‘A document describing a bilateral or unilateral agreement between parties. It expresses a convergence of will between the parties, indicating an intended common action.’ ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorandum_of_Understanding) [Accessed 30 July 2010].
‘Documents’ (chunk 8), where ‘documents’ refers back to ‘Memorandums of Understanding’.
‘Official statements’ (chunk 26) ‘A declarative statement that is either true or false’ (wikipedia, ibid.).
‘Acts’ (chunk 27) ‘A law passed by government’ (wikipedia, ibid.).
3) Analysis of three packages’ outputs
At this juncture, it is apt to consider in turn the three above-named online translators and their three translations of the given ST.
Three TTs (Appendices 6, 7 and 8), analyses of TTs (Appendices 15, 16 and 17) Worldlingo.com offers both paying and free translation services. For the latter, the user is invited to click on a specific link. A clear message then appears to warn that there is a 500 word limit on this facility. Worldlingo.com translates from 31 SLs into 32 TLs. Translations produced are displayed on a small screen. The first 100 words are immediately visible; it is then necessary to scroll down to view the remainder of the TT. The entire TT can unfortunately not be printed from this screen. Nevertheless, this package has a clear layout and is generally user-friendly. Analysis of TL outputs
French-English. Scores: Fidelity 104/145; Intelligibility 103/145
This TT contains some lexical inaccuracies. In chunk 7, for instance, ‘Memorandums of Understanding’ is translated as ‘draft agreements’. Despite this, a large amount of the information contained in the ST is preserved. Due to the literal translation of the text, certain French constructions are present in the TT (‘The days of the RTE-T make it possible to start again important European projects of transport.’ Chunk 1; ‘We show our engagement in favour of these essential projects of the RTE-T.’ Chunk 28). Therefore, although this does not result in a perfectly fluent read, the TT is nevertheless intelligible. German-English. Scores: Fidelity 79/145; Intelligibility 71/145
The quality of this TL output is very varied in terms of both fidelity and intelligibility. Due to lexical problems, the content of the ST is sometimes entirely lost. In chunks 19-21, the resulting TT is confusing and the title (chunks 1-3) is both nonsensical and amusing: ‘TEN V days as pulse generators for central European traffic projectors.’. Other chunks could be understood by a sympathetic, patient reader (7-8) and yet others preserve the message of the ST very well (15-17). As regards intelligibility, some of these TT chunks are incomprehensible due to lexical and syntactical errors (19, 20 and 21), others gain an average score (5, 7 and 8) and some actually read very well (16-18). Swedish-English. Scores: Fidelity 98/145; Intelligibility 92/145
A number of chunks of this TT contain SL (Swedish) words which are clearly not available in worldlingo.com’s Swedish-English lexicon (3, 7, 11, 28 and 29). This results in some lack of fidelity to the ST message. This said, other chunks are largely correct (4 and 8). Due to the presence of some SL words and grammatical errors (‘Three important European transport projects that stretch itself from the countries in the Baltic state to Iberiska the peninsula has today advanced through undertecknadet of three samforstandsavtal’, chunks 4-7), this TT does not read fluently. However, for the most part, the TL’s clumsiness does not make the message of the TT unintelligible.
Three TTs (Appendices 9, 10 and 11), analyses of TTs (Appendices 18, 19 and 20) Freetranslation.com is the free translation service of SDL (Simple Directmedia Layer), a provider of software services for managing content and language translation. When accessing freetranslation.com, users are given the option to enter a text or webpage URL. There is no indication of ST word limit but, on scrolling down, it can be seen that the tool translates from 36 SLs into 5 TLs (Arabic, English, German, Spanish and Russian). It is not possible to print the TT directly from the screen which may be inconvenient. However, the layout of the package is clear, and instructions, user-friendly. Analysis of TL outputs
French-English. Scores: Fidelity 98/145; Intelligibility 92/145
At times, this TT is not faithful to the ST. In chunk 1, for instance, ‘transport projects’ becomes ‘projects of transportation’, which alters the meaning of the original. At other times, the TT provides enough content to be comprehensible to a more sympathetic reader (17-20) and sometimes is perfectly accurate (14-16; 21-22). If this TT does contain some clumsy structures which make it difficult to read (17-20), it does remain intelligible. German-English. Scores: Fidelity 72/145; Intelligibility 70/145
This output displays some serious lexical, syntactical and grammatical faults which lead to an almost total loss of the ST’s meaning: ‘TEN V would meet today as an impulse giver for central European traffics of projects’ (1-4). ‘With the signature threefold agreements, stress was lent today the meaning of threefold central traffic projects between the Baltic States and the Iberian Peninsula (4-6). Other chunks, however, retain much of the information contained in the ST (11-16). On a number of occasions, this text’s fundamental linguistic problems result in a serious lack of TL fluency and intelligibility. A small number of chunks are more easily comprehensible. Swedish-English. Scores: Fidelity 127/145; Intelligibility 130/145
With the occasional exception (use of SL word, 16; confusion, 25), this TT is remarkably accurate in terms of its vocabulary and therefore its factual content (chunks 7-8, 26). It reads very fluently and is eminently accessible to the TL reader.
Three TTs (Appendices 12, 13 and 14), analyses of TTs (Appendices 21, 22 and 23) When users access translate.google.com, they view a single page. There is the option to enter a text or webpage URL or to upload a document, for which there is no apparent word limit. The languages into which the package translates are listed clearly and the TTs produced can be both viewed fully on the screen and printed directly from it. Unlike the previous two packages considered, translate.google.com contains no adverts for other products and no superfluous written text which may litter the screen. Its layout is minimalist, clear and highly user-friendly. Analysis of TL outputs
French-English. Scores: Fidelity 123/145; Intelligibility 124/145
This TT is very faithful to the content of the ST. Items of vocabulary are translated accurately and much information is communicated (6-8). General intelligibility is also good; many chunks scored 4/5 for their fluency and readability in the TL. German-English. Scores: Fidelity 113/145; Intelligibility 114/145
If the meaning of this ST is sometimes completely lost in English due to incorrect vocabulary and word order and confusion of the subjects of sentences (1-6), some of this TT succeeds very well at preserving the message of the original text (14-18). Given its reasonably accurate use of grammar, this TT also reads much less awkwardly than the two previously discussed translations from German (8-17). Swedish-English. Scores: Fidelity 134/145; Intelligibility 130/145
Despite some small, yet fundamental, grammatical errors (chunk 2), this TL output is extremely correct in terms of both vocabulary (7-8) and sentence structure (19-22). This results not only in a very faithful reproduction of the ST content, but also in a text which reads fluently and is highly accessible to the TL audience.
4) Summary of findings / Conclusions
The tables below summarise the performances of the free online translation packages www.worldlingo.com, www.freetranslation.com and www.translate.google.com when these were each asked to translate a 200-word text taken from the European Commission website from French, German and Swedish into English.
Worldlingo.com
Freetranslation.com
Translate.google.com
As White suggests, there is a clear correlation between the fidelity and intelligibility of machine translation outputs (2003: 216). All outputs produced in the present experiment display varying degrees of inaccuracies on lexical, grammatical and syntactical levels and each package performed the least well when translating from German to English. This can largely be explained by the fact that the most considerable grammatical and structural differences exist between this SL and English. However, this study was more concerned with the semantic quality than the grammatical quality of the various STs produced and the texts generated for this experiment all remain basically comprehensible to more or less sympathetic TT readers. In brief, www.translate.google.com produced the best translations from French to English, German to English and, by a very small margin, Swedish to English. For the latter, www.freetranslation.com produced a comparatively effective output, where ‘effective’ describes a translation which gives a thorough, comprehensible re-rendering of the content of the ST. www.translate.google.com therefore emerges as the most appropriate choice of free online translation package for non-specialised end-users who wish to translate, and therefore understand, a text in excess of 150 words, from French, German or Swedish into English.
*1. ‘The task of the post-editor is to edit, modify and / or correct pre-translated text that has been produced by an MT system from a source language into (a) target language(s).’ (Allen 2003: 297) *2. This issue will be returned to in the present article’s subsequent discussion of its choice of packages. *3. This idea was inspired by Hatim and Munday (2004: 324-26). *4. ‘TEN-T days’ are days on which members of different European countries meet to discuss the Trans-European transport network.
Allen, Jeffrey. (2003) ‘Post-editing’ in Harold Somers (ed.) (2003) Computers and Translation. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 297-318 European Commission. (10th June 2010) ‘Key European transport projects given boost at TEN-T days’. Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleaseAction.do?reference=Ip/10/701 Hacioglu, Kadri and Wayne Ward. (2003) ‘Target word detection: Semantic role chunking using support vector machines’. Published in NAACL- Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology: companion volume of the Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2003—short papers. Available at: http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1073483.1073492 Hatim, Basil and Jeremy Munday. (2004) Translation: An advanced resource book. Routledge Applied Linguistics. London, New York: Routledge Prior, Mark. (2010) ‘Google Translate (put down your cucifixes)’ in ITI Bulletin: The Journal of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting. May-June 2010, 8-11 Quah, C.K. (2006) Translation and Technology. Palgrave Textbooks on Translating and Interpreting. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan White, John S. (2003) ‘How to evaluate machine translation’ in Harold Somers (ed.) (2003) Computers and Translation. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 211-244 Appendix 1 Key European transport projects given boost at TEN-T Days
Three key European transport projects ranging from the Baltic countries to the Iberian Peninsula have today been given a boost by the signing of three Memorandums of Understanding. The signing of these documents by the Member States involved and with the endorsement of European Commission Vice-President Siim Kallas and the European coordinators for the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) demonstrates their commitment to carrying out these projects as fast and as efficiently as possible. The three projects are the Rail Baltica, running from Estonia to Poland, the high-speed lines linking France, Spain and Portugal and the key East–West railway axis Lyon–Turin–Trieste–Ljubljana–Budapest. Vice-President Siim Kallas, responsible for transport, said: "Effective implementation and operation of the TEN-T priority projects are essential to enhancing the freedom of movement of EU citizens, the territorial cohesion of the Union and the internal market. If we are to maintain and extend these benefits, we will need to keep these projects high on the political agenda and to enshrine the coordination between Member States and the Commission through official statements. By signing these important acts today we show we are committed to these crucial TEN-T projects ranging from the Baltic countries to the Iberian Peninsula."
Les journées du RTE-T permettent de relancer d'importants projets de transport européens Trois grands projets de transport européens, allant des pays baltes à la péninsule ibérique, ont été relancés aujourd'hui par la signature de trois protocoles d'accord. En signant ces documents, sous le contrôle du commissaire européen Siim Kallas et des coordinateurs européens du réseau transeuropéen de transport (RTE-T), les États membres concernés ont démontré leur volonté de réaliser ces travaux le plus rapidement et le plus efficacement possible. Les trois projets en question sont le projet Rail Baltica, qui doit relier l'Estonie à la Pologne, les lignes à grande vitesse reliant la France, l'Espagne et le Portugal et l'axe ferroviaire clé est-ouest Lyon–Turin–Trieste–Ljubljana–Budapest. Siim Kallas, vice-président de la Commission européenne chargé des transports, a déclaré: «La mise en œuvre et l'exploitation effectives des projets prioritaires du RTE-T sont essentielles pour renforcer la liberté de circulation des Européens, la cohésion territoriale de l'Union et le marché intérieur. Pour préserver et multiplier ces retombées favorables, nous devrons continuer d'accorder une priorité élevée à ces projets et confirmer la coordination entre les États membres et la Commission par des déclarations officielles. En signant aujourd'hui ces actes importants, nous montrons notre engagement en faveur de ces projets essentiels du RTE-T, qui s'étendent des pays baltes à la péninsule ibérique.» Appendix 3TEN-V-Tage als Impulsgeber für zentrale europäische Verkehrsprojekte Mit der Unterzeichnung dreier Vereinbarungen wurde heute der Bedeutung dreier zentraler Verkehrsprojekte zwischen dem Baltikum und der Iberischen Halbinsel Nachdruck verliehen. Die Unterzeichnung dieser Erklärungen durch die beteiligten Mitgliedstaaten und die Abzeichnung durch den Vizepräsidenten der Europäischen Kommission Siim Kallas und die europäischen Koordinatoren des transeuropäischen Verkehrsnetzes (TEN-V) zeugt von der Entschlossenheit der Beteiligten, diese Projekte so schnell und effizient wie möglich durchzuführen. Bei den drei Projekten handelt es sich um die Schienenverkehrsverbindung Rail Baltica zwischen Estland und Polen, die Hochgeschwindigkeitsbahnstrecken zwischen Frankreich, Spanien und Portugal und die wichtige Ost-West-Schienenverkehrsachse Lyon–Turin–Triest–Ljubljana–Budapest. Siim Kallas, Vizepräsident der Europäischen Kommission und zuständig für Verkehrsfragen, erklärte dazu: „Die tatsächliche Umsetzung der vorrangigen TEN-V-Projekte und die Streckeninbetriebnahme sind für die uneingeschränkte Freizügigkeit der Bürger der EU und die Stärkung des territorialen Zusammenhalts und des Binnenmarkts unerlässlich. Wenn wir diese Ziele erfolgreich weiter verfolgen wollen, müssen wir diese Vorhaben ganz oben auf die politische Agenda setzen und die Abstimmung zwischen Mitgliedstaaten und Kommission durch offizielle Erklärungen festschreiben. Mit der Unterzeichnung dieser bedeutenden Vereinbarungen demonstrieren wir unsere Entschlossenheit, diese zentralen TEN-V-Projekte zwischen den baltischen Staaten und der Iberischen Halbinsel umzusetzen.“ Appendix 4 Viktiga europeiska transportprojekt har avancerat under TEN-T-dagarna
Tre viktiga europeiska transportprojekt som sträcker sig från länderna i Baltikum till Iberiska halvön har idag avancerat genom undertecknandet av tre samförståndsavtal. De berörda medlemsstaternas undertecknande av dessa dokument och stödet från Europeiska kommissionens vice ordförande Siim Kallas och de europeiska samordnarna för det transeuropeiska transportnätet (TEN-T) visar att medlemsstaterna är fast beslutna att genomföra dessa projekt så snart och så effektivt som möjligt. De tre projekten är ”Rail Baltica”-förbindelsen mellan Estland och Polen, höghastighetsbanorna som kopplar ihop Frankrike, Spanien och Portugal och den viktiga öst-västliga järnvägsförbindelsen Lyon–Turin–Trieste–Ljubljana–Budapest. ”Ett effektivt genomförande och en effektiv drift av de prioriterade TEN-T-projekten är nödvändigt för att öka EU-medborgarnas rörlighet, den territoriella sammanhållningen i unionen och den inre marknaden. Om vi ska kunna bibehålla och utvidga dessa fördelar måste dessa projekt stå högt upp på den politiska dagordningen och samordningen mellan medlemsstaterna och kommissionen få stöd genom officiella uttalanden. Genom dagens undertecknande av dessa viktiga handlingar visar vi att vi är fast beslutna att genomföra dessa viktiga TEN-T-projekt som sträcker sig från Baltikum till Iberiska halvön,” säger kommissionens vice ordförande med ansvar för transportfrågor, Siim Kallas. Appendix 5Evaluation of MT output
Worldlingo.com French-English
The days of the RTE-T make it possible to start again important European projects of transport Three great European projects of transport, energy of the Baltic States to the Iberian peninsula, were started again today by the signature of three draft-agreements. By signing these documents, under the control of the European police chief Siim Kallas and the European coordinators of the network transeuropéen of transport (RTE-T), the Member Sates concerned showed their will to complete this work most quickly and most effectively possible. The three projects in question are the project Rail Baltica, which must connect Estonia to Poland, the lines at high speed connecting France, Spain and Portugal and the key railways access East-West Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. Siim Kallas, vice-president of the European Commission in charge of transport, declared: ‘The implementation and the exploitation effective of the priority projects of the RTE-T are essential to reinforce the freedom of movement of Europeans, the territorial cohesion of the Union and the domestic market. To preserve and multiply these favourable repercussions, we will have to continue to give a priority raised to these projects and to confirm coordination between the member states and the Commission by official declarations. By signing these important acts today, we show our engagement in favour of these essential projects of the RTE-T, which extends from the Baltic States to the Iberian Peninsula.
Worldlingo.com German-English TEN V days as pulse generators for central European traffic projects With the signing of three agreements today reproduction was lent to the meaning of three central traffic projects between the Baltic and the Iberi peninsula. The signing of these explanations by the member states involved and drawing by the vice-president of the European commission Siim Kallas and the European co-ordinators of the transeuropaischen transportation network (TEN-V) witnesses from the determination of the involved ones, these projects as fast and as efficiently as accomplishing possible. With the three projects it concerns the rail traffic connection Rail baltica between Estonia and Poland, the high-speed railroad lines between France, Spain and Portugal and the important east west rail traffic axle Lyon Turin Triest Ljubljana Budapest. Siim Kallas, vice-president of the European commission and responsibly for traffic questions, explained as it: ‘The actual conversion of the priority TEN V projects and distance start-up are essential for the unrestricted liberality of the citizens of the European Union and the stabilization of the territorial co-operation and the domestic market. If we want to pursue these goals successfully further, we must set these projects right at the top on the political agenda and fix the tuning between member states and commission by official explanations. With the signing of these important agreements we demonstrate our determination to convert these central TEN V projects between the Baltic states and the Iberi Peninsula.’
Worldlingo.com Swedish-English Important European transport project has advanced during TEN-T-dagarna Three important European transport projects that stretch itself from the countries in the Baltic state to Iberiska the peninsula has today advanced through undertecknandet of three samforstandsavtal. The concerned member states’ signing of these documents and the aid from the European Commission’s vice chairman Siim is called and they European samordnarna for it the trans-European transport net (TEN-T) shows that the member states are permanently resolved to implement these projects so near and so effective as possible. The three projects are ‘Rail Baltica’ —the conjunction average Estonia and the pole, the mound speed chutes that link together France, Spain and Portugal and that important east Vest gang the railway communication Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. ‘One efficiently implementation and an effective operation of the prioritized TEN-T-projekten is necessary in order to increase the EU citizen’s mobility, the territorial cohesion in the union and the internal market. If we will can to maintain and to broaden these advantages must these projects stand highly up on the political agenda and the coordination the average member states and the commission few aids through official statements. Through today’s signing of these important documents shows we that we are permanently resolved to implement these important TEN-T projekt that stetches itself from the Baltic state to Iberiska the peninsula’, says the commission’s vice chairman with responsibilities for transport questions, Siim is called.
Freetranslation.com French-English The days of the rte-t allow restarting important European projects of transportation Three big European projects of transportation, going Baltic countries to the Iberian peninsula, were restarted today by the signature of three protocols agreed. While signing these documents, under the check of the European commissioner Siim Kallas and European coordinators of the network transeuropéen of transportation (rte-t), the States members concerned showed their will to realize these works the most quickly and the most more most efficiently most possible one. The three projects in question are the project Rail Baltica, that must link up the Estonia to the Poland, the lines to big speed linking up France, Spain and the Portugal and the rail axis key is west Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. Siim Kallas, vice president of the European Commission loaded transportations, declared: ‘The implement and the effective exploitations of the priority projects of the rte-t are essential to reinforce the liberty of circulation of the Europeans, the territorial cohesion of the Union and the internal market. To preserve and to multiply these fallen again favourable ones, we will have to continue to grant a high priority to these projects and to confirm the coordination between the States members and the Commission by official declarations. While signing today these important acts, we show our engagement in favour of these essential projects of the rte-t, that spread themselves Baltic countries to the Iberian peninsula.’
Freetranslation.com German-English TEN-V would meet as an impulse giver for central European traffics of projects With the signature threefold agreements stress was lent today the meaning of threefold central traffic projects between the Baltic Sates and the Iberian peninsula. The signature of these explanations through the involved members states and the Abzeichnung through the vice president of the European commissionSiim Kallas and the European coordinators of the Trans-european traffic network (TEN V) witnesses of the determination of the participant to carry out these projects so quickly and efficiently how possible. In the three projects, it concerns the rail traffic connection Rail Baltica between Estonia and Poland, the high speed track between France, Spain and Portugal and the important east-west-rail traffic Saxons Lyon-Turin_Triest-Ljubljana-Budapest. Siim Kallas, vice president of the European commission and responsibly for traffic questions, declared are in addition: ‘the actual conversion of the priority TEN-V projects and the stretch starting to be the unrestricted permissiveness of the citizen of the EU and the strengthening of the territorial consistency and the domestic market indispensable. If we successfully further still want to pursue these goals, we must set these intention very above on the political agenda and must establish the voting between members states and commission through official explanations. With the signature of these important agreements, we demonstrate our determination to transfer these central TEN-V-projects between the Baltic countries and the Iberian peninsula.’
Freetranslation.com Swedish-English Important European transport projects has advanced in TEN-T days Three important European transport projects, ranging from countries in the Baltic countries to the Iberian Peninsula today has advanced by the signing of three memorandum of understanding. The Member States concerned signature of these documents and the aid from the European Commission Vice-President Siim Kallas and the European coordinators for the trans-European transport network (TEN-T) shows that the Member States are determined to implement these projects as soon and as efficiently as possible. The three projects are ‘Rail Baltica’—link between stonia and Poland, hoghastighetsbanorna linking France, Spain and Portugal and the important east-west rail link Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. ‘The effective implementation and the effective operation of the TEN-T priority projects is necessary in order to increase EU-citizens’ mobility, the territorial cohesion of the Union and the internal market. If we are able to maintain and extend these benefits must these projects be high on the political agenda and coordination between the Member States and the Commission have the support by means of official statements. Through today’s signature of these important documents, we show that we are determined to implement these important TEN-T projects ranging from the Baltic to the Iberian Peninsula,’ says Commission Vice-President with responsibility for transport, Siim Kallas.
Translate.google.com French-English The days of the TEN-T can raise major European transport projects Three major European transport projects, ranging from the Baltic to the Iberian Peninsula, were boosted today by the signing of three memorandums of agreement. By signing these documents, under the supervision of Commissioner Siim Kallas and the coordinators of the European Trans-European Network (TEN-T), the Member States concerned have showed their willingness to make this work as quickly and efficiently as possible. The three projects in question are the Rail Baltica project, which will connect Estonia to Poland, the high-speed lines connecting France, Spain and Portugal and the key rail link east-west Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. Siim Kallas, Vice-President of the European Commission responsible for transport, said: ‘The implementation and effective operation of the priority projects of the TEN-T are essential to enhance the freedom of movement of Europeans, the territorial cohesion of the Union and the domestic market. To preserve and multiply the positive impact, we will continue to give high priority to these projects and confirmed the coordination between Member States and the Commission by official declarations. By signing these important documents today, we are demonstrating our commitment to these vital projects of the TEN-T, which stretches from the Baltic States to the Iberian Peninsula.’
Translate.google.com German-English TEN-T Days as a driving force for central European transport projects With the signing of three agreements today the importance of three key transport projects between the Baltic and the Iberian Peninsula was given emphasis. The signing of these declarations by the Member States concerned and signed by the European Commission Vice President Siim Kallas and the European coordinator of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-V) reflects the determination of the parties to implement these projects as quickly and efficiently as possible. The three projects are the Rail Baltica rail link between Estonia and Poland, the high-speed rail routes between France, Spain and Portugal and the important east-west rail axix Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. Siim Kallas, Vice-President of the European Commission responsible for transport matters, said: ‘The actual implementation of the TEN-T priority projects and the track start-up are essential for the full free movement of EU citizens and strengthen territorial cohesion and the internal market. If we want to pursue these goals more successfully, we need to put these projects at the top of the political agenda and outline the coordination between Member Sates and the Commission by official declarations. By signing this important agreement, we are demonstrating our commitment to these key TEN-T projects between the Baltic States and the Iberian Peninsula to implement.’
Translate.google.com Swedish-English Major European transport projects have advanced in the TEN-T days Three major European transport projects, ranging from countries in the Baltic region to the Iberian Peninsula today has advanced with the signing of three memoranda of understanding. The Member Sates concerned the signing of these documents and the support of European Commission Vice President Siim Kallas and the European coordinators for the trans-European transport network (TEN-T) shows that Member States are determined to implement these projects as quickly and as efficiently as possible. The three projects are “Rail Baltica” route between Estonia and Poland, high-speed tracks linking France, Spain and Portugal and the important east-west rail link Lyon-Turin-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest. ‘An effective implementation and efficient operation of the TEN-T priority projects is necessary to increase the movement of EU citizens, the territorial cohesion of the Union and the Single Market. If we are to maintain and expand these benefits, these projects must be high on the political agenda and coordination between Member States and the Commission be supported by official statements. With today’s signing of these important documents, we show that we are determined to implement these important TEN-T projects ranging from the Baltic to the Iberian peninsula,' ’said Commission Vice President responsible for Transport, Mr Kallas.
Evaluation of MT output Worldlingo.com. French-English
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Evaluation of MT output. Worldlingo.com. Swedish-English
Evaluation of MT output. Freetranslation.com. French-English
Evaluation of MT output. Freetranslation.com. German-English
Evaluation of MT output. Freetranslation.com. Swedish-English
Evaluation of MT output. Translate.google.com. French-English
Evaluation of MT output. Translate.google.com. German-English
Evaluation of MT output. Translate.google.com. Swedish-English
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achine translation has long been criticized from a linguistic point of view. At best, its frequently clumsy and inaccurate outputs can cause
amusement; at worst, they lead to misunderstandings and annoyance. Nevertheless, over the years, there has been increasing acknowledgement of the value
of this technology. While professional translators can use machine translation to produce draft STs before embarking on post-editing (Quah 2006: 90),*1
the general public can benefit from it to access information in languages which they do not understand (ibid.: 86, 91). Given the plethora of
documents in all languages which is now available online, there is an evident need for these to be made comprehensible to speakers of other languages.
In this age of information technology, the internet provides tools which enable such rapid translation.